Delaying Academic Tasks and Feeling Bad About It

Abstract. Procrastination is the irrational delay of an intended task and common among students. A can only be defined as procrastination when it voluntary, action was but not implemented, accompanied by subjective discomfort. Established scales cover mainly behavioral aspects have neglected emotional aspect. This inaccuracy concerning construct validity might entail misconceptions procrastination. Accordingly, we developed validated Behavioral Emotional Academic Scale (BEPS), which covers all definition The 6-item scale measuring self-reported academic tested in three studies. Study 1 ( N = 239) evaluated psychometric qualities BEPS, indicating good item characteristics internal consistency. 2 1,441) used confirmatory factor analysis revealed two correlated factors: one covering aspect other reflecting Measurement invariance shown through longitudinal multigroup analyses. 3 234) provided evidence for scale’s convergent correlations with established scales, self-efficacy, neuroticism. BEPS thus economically operationalizes appears to a reliable valid self-report measure.